《别琴竹枝词》与“洋泾浜英语”的语音替代

Remarks on the Phonetic Substitution in Shanghai English(洋泾浜英语) Reflected across the Pidgin Folk Poems

作为顺应早期中外交流而产生的汉外混合语,中国皮钦语在16–19世纪的沿海地区先后经历了“广东葡语”、“广东英语”、“洋泾浜英语”三个典型阶段。不过对于他们之间是如何过渡的,特别是在语言层面上的表现还缺乏足够考证。本文从汉语音韵的角度出发,通过考察《别琴竹枝词》(1873)中注音字组所反映的上海方言与英语原词在语音层面的对应关系,新发现了“洋泾浜英语”辅音系统的整体特征和主要替代规律。相关结论能够为探究中国皮钦语的发展和演变提供新的证据和支持,同时也有助于进一步了解早期沿海地区的中外关系。

Along with the necessity of daily exchanges between China and foreign countries, Chinese Pidgin Language, which derived into Canton Portuguese, Canton English and Shanghai English(洋泾浜英语) chronologically, emerged and played an important role at the southern coastal region from the 16th to 19th century. The process of transition, especially from the perspective of language, however, still needs more evidence. The present paper focused on the phonological relation between Chinese transcriptions and English correspondings reflected in the Pidgin Folk Poems(Bieqin Zhuzhici) and reached some main principles of consonant substitution in Shanghai English in the 19th century, which could provide new proof of the development of Chinese Pidgin Language.