民俗学中婚姻问题研究的回顾与展望——从柳田国男到石井研士

A Retrospect and Prospect of Marriage Studies in Folklore: From Kunio Yanagita to Ishii Kenji

1929年柳田国男开启了“婚姻变迁说”的问题研究,之后学者们从婚姻形态的分类,婚姻与家族、亲属关系的关联,女性回娘家与家族结构,婚姻习俗文化等多角度对日本近代以来的婚姻问题展开了研究。进入世纪之交,基于结构论和类型论的婚姻问题研究开始向结构功能主义视角转向,“真实性研究”“将现代社会纳入视野的研究”“变化的视角”“基于具象的整体性研究”“基于多样性展开的多角度研究”以及跨学科研究将成为今后的方向。

In 1929,Kunio Yanagita initiated the study of the theory of"marriage change theory".After that,scholars began to study marital issues in modern Japan from the perspectives of the classification of marriage forms,therelationship between marriage and family,the relationship between relatives,the structure of women's returning to their natal families,and the culture of marriage customs,etc.At the turn of the century,the study of marital issues based on structural theory and typology began to shift to the perspective of structural functionalism,"authenticity research","incorporating modern society into the field of vision","changing perspective","holistic research based on concrete image","multi-angle research based on diversity"and interdisciplinary research,which will be the future direction.