利用高效液相色谱法测定不同发酵时长郫县豆瓣酱中的8种生物胺

Determination of Eight Kinds of Biogenic Amines in Pixian Broad Bean Paste with Different Fermentation Time by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

本研究基于高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术,测定了不同发酵时长(1~96个月)郫县豆瓣酱中色胺、β-苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺、亚精胺和精胺8种生物胺的含量。结果显示,HPLC分析中,8种生物胺的检出限在0.17~0.35 mg/L之间,定量限在0.55~0.92 mg/L之间,各生物胺标品在1~60 mg/L的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,可被准确定量;各生物胺回收率在73.10%~104.13%之间,说明本方法具有较高的重复性和灵敏度。腐胺、尸胺、酪胺和组胺是郫县豆瓣酱中的主要生物胺;随着发酵时间的延长,腐胺含量快速上升,尸胺含量在发酵前54个月迅速上升,之后明显下降,酪胺和组胺在发酵54个月后含量有所增加;其他生物胺含量较低,且发酵期间变化不明显;郫县豆瓣酱中总生物胺含量随发酵时间的延长不断积累,从(37.86±6.69) mg/kg增加到(155.09±8.53) mg/kg,其含量在发酵前54个月快速上升,之后趋于稳定。目前食品中的多数生物胺尚没有限量标准,但参考现有的毒理学数据来看,本研究中郫县豆瓣酱的生物胺含量水平相对安全。

In this study,eight kinds of biogenic amines(tryptamine,β-phenylethylamine,putrescine,cadaverine,histamine,tyramine,spermidine,and spermine)in Pixian broad bean paste with different fermentation time(1~96 months)were analyzed by HPLC method. The result showed that eight biogenic amine standards showed good linearity within 1~60 mg/L. The average recoveries,limits of detection and limits of quantitation were 73.10%~104.13%,0.17~0.35 mg/L and 0.55~0.92 mg/L,respectively,which demonstrated good precision and sensitivity of this method. Putrescine,cadaverine,tyramine and histamine were the predominant biogenic amines in broad bean pastes. With the increase of fermentation time,the content of putrescine increased rapidly,the content of cadaverine increased rapidly in 1~54 months during fermentation,then decreased significantly,and the content of tyramine and histamine increased after the 54 th months of fermentation. The contents of other biogenic amines were relatively low and remained stable among the period. The total biogenic amine contents increased from(37.86±6.69) mg/kg to(155.09±8.53) mg/kg,its content increased rapidly in the 1~54 months during fermentation and then stabilized.Although there were no current regulations that restricted the contents of biogenic amines in food,the Pixian broad bean pastes used in present study were relatively safe according to the results of previous toxicological studies.