资源型城市土地利用变化及其综合效益评价——以乌海市为例

Land Use Change and Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Resource-based Cities——Take Wuhai City as an Example

以乌海市为研究对象,利用乌海市2003年、2008年、2013年、2017年土地利用遥感影像解译数据,并查找相关年份统计年鉴及国民经济与社会发展统计公报数据,采用目视解译、主成分分析、土地利用动态度模型、土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用空间洛伦兹曲线等方法,根据15年间乌海市土地利用面积的变化,分析乌海市土地利用的转入转出方向及原因;通过绘制空间洛伦兹曲线查看每一种用地类型的分散程度;然后选取经济、社会和生态三个方面的地均类的效益指标,分析乌海市土地利用的综合效益;最后结合乌海市土地利用特点与综合效益的好坏进行比对分析。结果表明:乌海市土地利用变化表现为建设用地、工矿用地、林地及河流增多,耕地、草地及未利用地减少;在研究时段内土地利用与综合效益之间的联系是正向的,即土地利用的变化对城市的发展进步起到积极促进的作用。

Take Wuhai City as the research object,and use the remote sensing images of land use in Wuhai City in 2003,2008,2013 and 2017 to interpret the data,and find the statistical yearbook of relevant years and the statistical bulletin of national economic and social development.Based on the interpretation,principal component analysis,land use dynamics model,land use transfer matrix,land use space Lorenz curve and other methods,from the change of land use area in Wuhai City in 15 years,analyze the transfer of land use in Wuhai City.The direction and reason of the transfer;the spatial Lorentz curve is used to see the degree of dispersion of each type of land use;then the economic,social and ecological indicators of the land use are selected to analyze the land use in Wuhai City.The comprehensive benefits;finally,the characteristics of land use in Wuhai City and the comprehensive benefits are compared and analyzed.The results show that the land use change in Wuhai City is the increase of construction land,industrial and mining land,forest land and rivers,and the reduction of cultivated land,grassland and unused land.The relationship between land use and comprehensive benefits is positive during the study period.That is,changes in land use play a positive role in promoting the development of the city.