徐增寿祭文中的生死哲思

Philosophy of Life and Death in Xu Zeng’s Longevity Articles and Sacrifice Articles

《九诰堂集》中收录了徐增大量的散文作品,其中有相当多的寿文和祭文,约占其全部散文创作的四分之一。透过徐增的寿祭文,可捕捉到其对生死的思考。面对着异族入侵、改朝换代、各种忠孝节义的考验,加之自身的身患残疾、经济困窘,各种客居和迁徙,各种辛酸和冷眼,徐增并没有偏激极端、心怀怨恨。因为身患足疾,身体的痛苦,使徐增有着比常人更多的敏感和思索,去感受古往今来的兴衰变迁、生老病死、成住坏空。徐增对生死的思索,看似散落,实则和谐圆融。他所追求的是生的脱俗、逍遥、隐逸,以及富贵、和平、有序、厚德;亦是死的洒脱、超然、宛如归去。徐增在沉重的思索中寻找精神的解脱和彻悟。

A large number of Xu Zeng's prose works are included in Jiu Gao Tang Ji,among which there are quite a lot of longevity articles and sacrifice articles,accounting for about a quarter of all his prose creation.Perhaps the extreme and profound nature of life and death itself can easily touch the depth of people's thoughts.Through Xu Zeng's longevity articles and sacrifice articles,we can also capture his thinking about life and death.In the face of foreign invasion,change of dynasties,a variety of loyalty and filial piety tests,together with his own disability,economic hardship,all kinds of sojourn and migration,all kinds of bitterness and coldness,Xu zeng did not go to extreme,or hold a grudge.Because of suffering from foot disease and the pain of the body,Xu Zeng has more sensitivity and thinking than ordinary people,to feel the rise and fall of the past and the present,the life and death and the rules of the universe.Xu Zeng's thoughts on life and death seem scattered,but in fact they are harmonious.What he pursued is the refinery happiness,and seclusion of life,as well as wealth,peace,order,and virtue;it was also the freedom,ease and detachment of death,like a kind of returning.Xu Zeng looked for spiritual liberation and understanding in his deep thoughts.