从《管子》致仕思想探析先秦时期人事制度

Discussion on the Personnel System of the Pre-Qin Period Based on the Retirement Thought in Guan Zi

管仲的致仕思想承袭周代礼制而来,是先秦人事制度中的重要组成部分,亦是诸侯国中率先推行致仕机制的典范,体现了分封建制下诸侯国与宗主国之间紧密的呼应关系。管仲在齐国实施致仕机制,是对先秦时期人事制度的有益探索,对后世的致仕制度起到重要的示范作用。依据《管子》中所论述的致仕理念,既探索先秦之际致仕机制的积淀环境、社会形态、体例特征、时代意蕴、嬗变轨迹等,又可据此考察新时代人事制度的建构体制与现实意义,为进一步完善与丰富新时代人事机制提供镜鉴。

Guan Zhong's retirement thought inherits from the ritual system of Zhou Dynasty,which is an important part of the personnel system of the Pre-Qin Period and becomes the model of the first official-serving mechanism among the states.It shows the corresponding relationship between states and the suzerain state under the system of separation.That GuanZhong put the retirement system into effect in the state of Qi is a useful exploration of personnel system in the Pre-Qin period and the system plays an important role in demonstrating retirement system in later generations.Studying the retirement thought in GuanZi can help us know more about the traditional social environment and culture,social form,stylistic features,era implication and evolution track of the retirement system in the period of Pre-Qin.Moreover,we can inspect the construction system and practical significance of the personnel system in the new era.The studying of retirement thought in GuanZi provides a mirror for further improving and enriching the personnel mechanism in the new era as well.