不同施氮量对花椰菜产量和经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application on Yield and Economic Benefit of Cauliflower

以花椰菜为供试材料,探讨不同氮量水平对花椰菜产量和经济效益的影响。试验设5个处理,各处理磷钾肥相同、施氮量不同,施氮量分别为0(N0PK)、186.0(N 1PK)、265.5(N 2PK)、345.0(N 3PK)、399.0(N 4PK)kg·hm^-2。结果表明:在泉州市鲤城区耕作灰砂土上,磷钾肥施入量一定情况下,不同施氮量处理比对照不施氮N 0PK处理增产幅度为76.0%~109.1%,增收幅度为82.5%~120.3%,其中以N 2PK处理(施N量265.5 kg·hm^-2)的产量和经济效益最高,较对照不施氮N 0PK处理增产109.1%、增值80431.49元·hm^-2。通过回归分析,花椰菜理论最高经济产量可达到38119.8 kg·hm^-2,其最高经济产量时施氮量为263.4 kg·hm^-2。氮肥不充足或过量施用均会影响花椰菜产量和经济效益。

The effects of different nitrogen levels on the yield and economic benefits of cauliflower were studied by taking cauliflowers as the test material,.Five treatments were set in the experiment,with the same phosphate and potash fertilizer in each treatment and different nitrogen application,being respectively 0(N 0PK),186.0(N 1PK),265.5(N 2PK),345.0(N 3PK)and 399.0(N 4PK)kg·hm^-2.The results showed that the yield increased by 76.0%-109.1%and the income increased by 82.5%-120.3% under different nitrogen applications compared with that under no nitrogen application in the situation of a certain amount of phosphate and potash fertilizer in the cultivated lime sand soil in Licheng District of Quanzhou City.Among them,the treatment of N 2PK(nitrogen application of 265.5 kg·hm^-2)had the highest yield and economic benefit,which increased by 109.1%and added 80431.49 yuan·hm^-2 compared with the control treatment without nitrogen application.Through regression analysis,the maximum economic yield of cauliflowers could reach 38119.8 kg·hm^-2,and the nitrogen application amount was 263.4 kg·hm^-2 when the maximum economic yield was reached.Insufficient and excessive nitrogen fertilizers would affect the yield and economic benefit of cauliflowers.