生物炭对杉木人工林土壤细菌多样性的影响

Effects of biochar on soil bacterial diversity in Chinese fir plantations

为揭示施用生物炭对杉木人工林土壤微生物多样性的影响规律,以不同发育阶段杉木人工林土壤为研究对象,分析测定施用不同生物炭的杉木人工林土壤微生物多样性、物种组成、物种丰度及土壤理化性质。结果表明:生物炭处理使杉木人工林土壤化学性质发生改变,木炭处理使幼龄林和中龄林土壤pH值分别减少0.01和增加0.05;竹炭处理使幼龄林和中龄林土壤pH值分别增加0.05和0.09。施用生物炭后杉木人工林土壤细菌丰度发生改变,改变了成熟林中绿弯菌门和变形菌门的相对丰度,木炭和竹炭处理后分别使绿弯菌门相对丰度与对照相比减少了58.34%和54.31%,使变形菌门相对丰度与对照相比分别上升了53.23%和70.63%。冗余分析发现,土壤化学性质与土壤细菌群落结构间存在显著相关性,说明施用生物炭会通过改变土壤化学性质影响土壤细菌群落结构,预选结果显示土壤全磷(TP)和土壤全碳(TC)对细菌群落分布影响最显著。本研究为添加生物炭对杉木人工林土壤细菌种类、群落结构及其功能的影响机制提供理论依据。

In order to reveal the effects of biochar addition on soil bacteria dynamics in Chinese fir plantations,high-throughput sequencing was performed on the different development stages of the plantation soil,which was treated without biochar(CB)and with two different types of biochar,namely Chinese fir biochar(CM)and bamboo biochar(CZ),and the diversity and composition of the bacteria were analyzed.The results showed that biochar could change the basic properties of soil;CM and CZ made the soil pH decrease by 0.01 and increase by 0.05 compared with that of CB in a young forest,respectively,and increase by 0.05 and 0.09 compared with that of CB in a middle-aged forest,respectively.Applying biochar changed the relative abundance of bacteria in the soil of the Chinese fir plantation;CM and CZ decreased the relative abundance of Chlorobacteria by 58.34%and 54.31%compared with that of CB,respectively,and increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria by 53.23%and 70.63%compared with that of CB,respectively.Redundancy analysis showed that the soil chemical properties had a significant correlation with the soil bacteria community.The forward selection results showed that total phosphorus and total carbon had the most significant correlation with the soil bacteria community,which showed that the biochar affected the soil bacteria community by changing the soil chemical properties.This study provided a theoretical basis for the effect of different types of biochar on soil bacteria species,community structure,and function in Chinese fir plantations.