江西省中老年居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病情况及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among middle-aged and elderly residents in Jiangxi province

目的了解江西省中老年居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患病情况及其影响因素,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法于2016年1-12月采用分层整群随机抽样方法在江西省九江市、南昌市和赣州市抽取5 874名≥40岁中老年居民进行问卷调查和肺功能检查。结果江西省5 874名中老年居民中,患COPD者624例,COPD患病率为10.62%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥50岁、农村地区、吸烟、吸烟指数≥401、被动吸烟、有烹饪史、有职业接触粉尘史、近10年的烹饪材料为液化气、煤炭和柴草是江西省中老年居民COPD患病的危险因素,女性、中部及北部区域、厨房通风和有抽油烟机是江西省中老年居民COPD患病的保护因素。结论江西省中老年居民COPD患病率较高,性别、年龄、区域、地区、吸烟情况、吸烟指数、被动吸烟情况、有无烹饪史、近10年的烹饪燃料、厨房是否通风、有无抽油烟机和有无职业接触粉尘史是江西省中老年居民COPD患病的主要影响因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) among middle-aged and elderly residents in Jiangxi province, and to provide references for implementing appropriate interventions among the population. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method, we surveyed5 874 residents 40 years old and older in Jiujiang city, Nanchang city and Ganzhou city of Jiangxi province with a questionnaire interview and pulmonary function examination from January to December 2016. Results Among all the participants, 624 were identified with COPD and the COPD prevalence rate was 10.62%. The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that male, aged ≥ 50 years, smoking, with a smoking index of ≥ 401,passive smoking, cooking history, history of occupational dust exposure, and use of liquified gas, coal and firewood as cooking materials in recent 10 years were risk factors for COPD;while female, living in central and northern region of Jiangxi province, and having a ventilator or a range hood in the home kitchen were protective factors against COPD among the population. Conclusion The prevalence rate of COPD is high and mainly influenced by sex, age, living area, smoking,smoking index, passive smoking, cooking history, cooking materials used in recent 10 years, whether having ventilation equipment in home kitchen, and history of occupational exposure to dust among middle-aged and elderly residents in Jiangxi province.