大学生能量饮料饮用与感觉寻求关系

Relationship between energy drink consumption and sensation seeking in college students

目的调查大学生能量饮料饮用现状及与感觉寻求人格特质之间的关系,为大学生能量饮料饮用管理提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取重庆市某大学本科学生2 200人进行问卷调查,有效调查2 064人。结果饮用能量饮料的大学生1 034人(50.1%),饮用混合饮料的511人(24.8%)。不同性别学生两种饮料饮用率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=69.222、36.538,P <0.001),男生饮用率(59.2%、30.5%)均比女生高(40.9%、19.0%);不同专业学生能量饮料饮用率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.902,P <0.01),理科生饮用率(52.2%)高于文科生(44.3%);不同BMI学生能量饮料饮用率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=9.335,P <0.01),BMI过低组饮用率(43.5%)低于正常组(52%)和超重肥胖组(50%)。不同性别大学生感觉寻求得分差异有统计学意义(Z=–4.220,P <0.001),男生的中位数和P25、P75[5.0(3.0,7.0)]得分高于女生[4.0(3.0,6.0)];不同年级学生感觉寻求得分差异有统计学意义(H=10.958,P <0.01),大一学生得分[4.0(3.0,6.0)]低于大二[5.0(3.0,7.0)]、大三[5.0(3.0,7.0)]。感觉寻求能预测大学生能量饮料、混合饮料的饮用(OR=1.071,95%CI=1.034~1.109;OR=1.126,95%CI=1.082~1.172)。结论一半大学生会饮用能量饮料,近四分之一大学生会饮用混合饮料;追求感觉寻求体验是大学生选择两种饮料的影响因素。

Objective To investigate energy drink(ED) consumption and the relationship between ED consumption and sensation seeking among college students and to provide suggestions for management on ED consumption in the students.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling, we conducted a self-administered survey among 2 200 students of grade one to three recruited in two universities in a city with a self-desinged questionnaire and the Sensation Seeking Scale.Results Among the 2 064 students with eligible information, 1 034(50.1%) and 511(24.8%) reported having ED and alcohol mixed with energy drink(AmED) consumption during previous one month, with significantly higher ratios of ED and AmED consumption among the boy students than among the girl students(59.2% vs. 40.9%, χ~2 = 69.222 and 30.5% vs.19.0%;χ~2 = 36.358;both P < 0.001). The students majoring in science reported a significantly higher ED consumption ratio than the students majoring in arts(52.2% vs. 44.3%, χ~2 = 9.902;P < 0.01);the students with very low body mass index(BMI)reported a significantly lower ED consumption ratio than the students with normal or higher BMI of overweight and obesity(43.5% vs. 52% or 50%, χ~2 = 9.335;P < 0.01). There was a significant gender difference in sensation seeking score among the students(Z = – 4.220, P < 0.001);the median(25 and 75 percentile) of the sensation seeking score were 5.0(3.0 and 7.0)for the boy students and 4.0(3.0 and 6.0) for the girl students. The students’ sensation seeking score differed significantly by their years of study in the university(H = 10.958, P < 0.01);the median(25 and 75 percentile) of the sensation seeking score of the freshmen were 4.0(3.0 and 6.0) and both lower than those of the sophomores 5.0(3.0 and 7.0) and those of the juniors5.0(3.0 and 7.0). The students with higher sensation seeking score were more likely to consume ED(odds ratio [OR] =1.071, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.034 – 1.109) and AmED(OR = 1.126, 95% CI: 1.082 – 1.172). Conclusion A half of the college students consume ED and nearly a quarter of college students consume AmED;sensation seeking may be one of the motivations for the students’ ED and AmED consumption.