风机盘管室温PI~λD~μ控制器基于IACOA的参数整定及其控制性能分析

Numerical Study on Tuning the Parameters of an Indoor Temperature PI~λD~μ Controller for FCU Based on IACOA and its Performance Analysis

由于机型体积小,安装、操作方便和分散控制等特点,风机盘管(Fan Coil Unit,FCU)空调系统在办公楼、宾馆和公寓等建筑场所得到了广泛应用。然而,其主要设备-FCU具有惯性和较大时间滞后等动态特性,传统控制方式,如整数阶PID方式会导致室温稳态误差和超调量较大,调节时间长等问题。鉴于此,提出FCU的室温分数阶PID(PIλDμ)控制器参数整定新算法及其控制系统构建的设计思路。首先,结合空调工艺的相关要求和分数阶控制技术,分别对FCU作用下的室内温度对象、室温测量变送器、FCU的送风单元、冷却/加热单元和室温PIλDμ控制器(Indoor Temperature Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative Controller,IT-FOPIDC)进行建模。其次,基于改进的蚁群优化算法(Improved Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm,IACOA)对该IT-FOPIDC的5个控制参数进行整定,获取其最佳值。最后,借助Matlab工具,对FCU作用下的空调房间室温PIλDμ调节系统进行组态和数值模拟其控制效果。结果表明,该室温PIλDμ调节系统在理论上是可行的,且室温控制效果明显优于Ziegler-Nichols(Z-N)整定法和ACOA算法的室温整数阶PID控制系统。

The air conditioning system adopting fan coil units(FCUs)has been widely used in the buildings including offices,hotels and apartments because of the characteristics of its compact size,easy installation,convenient operation and decentralized control,etc.However,the main equipment-FCU has the dynamic characteristics of inertia and large time delay.So the traditional control methods,such as the integer order PID manner can lead to the problems of larger steady state error and overshoot of indoor temperature and the longer adjustment time,etc.In view of this,this paper puts forward the design ideas of a new algorithm for tuning parameters of an indoor temperature fractional order proportional integral derivative controller(IT-FOPIDC)and the corresponding control system construction for FCU in an air-conditioning room.First,combining the relevant requirements of air-conditioning process and fractional order control technology,the indoor temperature plant,indoor temperature measuring transmitter,IT-FOPIDC,air supply unit,cooling and heating unit of FCU are modeled,respectively.Secondly,the parameters of this IT-FOPIDC are tuned by a new algorithm,called IACOA,and five optimal values are obtained.Finally,this indoor temperature PIλDμcontrol system is configured and the related control effects are numerically simulated by mans of MATLAB tool.The results show that this indoor temperature PIλDμcontrol system is feasible in theory,and the indoor temperature control effect is more superior to that of the ziegler-nichols(Z-N)tuning method and the ACOA algorithm for the integer order PID control system for the same FCU in an air-conditioning room.