语用花径的互动性和连环性

Pragmatic garden path and its interactivity and inter-connectionality

我们把传统的句法层级花径提升到语用层级,得出"语用花径"。鉴于各种花径的语用属性--对语境、意向、推理等的依赖性,及关联、幽默、语效等的指向性,各种花径都可当成(±标记的)语用花径。本文以词汇-构式语用学视角论述了语用花径的操作机制、语用花径言听者(或写读者)之间的互动性、连环语用花径等,指出语用花径并非言者(作者)一方完成,而是交际双方协作而成;也并非总是一个语用花径单独运作,相反,一个语篇里可能出现若干关联套叠或相嵌的花径。

We elevate garden path as often dealt with syntactically up to the pragmatic level, hence "pragmatic garden path"(PGP). Owing to the pragmatic features of various types of GP, like dependence on context, intention and inference, and orientation towards relevance, humour and contextual effect, we categorise all kinds of GP as PGP(±marked). In light of Lexico-Constructional Pragmatics, this paper also formulates the mechanism of PGP, speaker-hearer or writer-reader interaction in PGP generation, and interconnected PGPs. It is maintained that PGP is not accomplished by one interlocutor(speaker/writer) but by both locution parties, and that PGPs do not always operate alone but operate together or in groups, hence a series of relevant interconnected, embedded PGPs in the same text.