早期肠内外营养支持干预对极低出生体重儿生长发育及预后的影响

Effect of early enteral and parenteral nutrition support interventionon on growth,development and prognosis of very low birth weight infants

目的探讨早期肠内外营养支持干预对极低出生体重儿生长发育及预后的影响。方法选取2016年2月~2019年1月我院收治的60例极低出生体重儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组,每组各30例。研究组行早期肠内外营养支持,对照组行传统营养支持。比较两组的体重恢复情况、并发症发生情况,采用新生儿行为神经测定(NBNA)评估两组干预前后的行为神经发育情况。结果研究组的恢复出生体重日龄为(7.96±3.24)d,短于对照组的(11.21±3.98)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组的日增长体重量为(18.17±3.96)g/(kg·d),高于对照组的(14.16±4.75)g/(kg·d),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组的并发症总发生率为56.67%,明显低于对照组的20.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组干预前的NBNA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组干预后的NBNA评分均显著高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组干预后的NBNA评分为(35.45±4.18)分,高于对照组的(32.39±3.21)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期肠内外营养支持干预可有效促进极低出生体重儿生长发育,改善预后,并减少并发症的发生,安全性较高。

Objective To investigate the effect of early enteral and parenteral nutrition support interventionon on growth,development and prognosis of very low birth weight infants.Methods Sixty very low birth weight infants admitted to our hospital from February 2016 to January 2019 were selected as study subjects.They were divided into study group and control group according to the random number table method,30 cases in each group.The study group received early enteral and parenteral nutrition support,while the control group received traditional nutrition support.The weight recovery and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.The neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)was used to assess behavioral neurodevelopment before and after intervention.Results The day of birth weight recovery in the study group was(7.96±3.24)d,which was shorter than that in the control group for(11.21±3.98)d,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The daily growth weight of the study group was(18.17±3.96)g/(kg·d),which was higher than that of the control group for(14.16±4.75)g/(kg·d),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence rate of complications in the study group was 56.67%,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(20.00%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the NBNA score between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).The NBNA scores of the two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The NBNA score of the study group after intervention was(35.45±4.18)points,which was higher than that of the control group for(32.39±3.21)points,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Early enteral and parenteral nutrition support interventionon can effectively promote the growth and development of very low birth weight infants,improve the prognosis and reduce the incidence of complications,with high safety.