不同处理对偃松种子萌发的影响

Effects of Different Treatments on Seed Germination of Pinus pumila

【目的】偃松种子种皮坚硬,在自然状态下难于萌发,这严重制约了偃松的发展,本试验以大兴安岭呼中区种子为研究试材进行种子萌发试验,为制定实用、经济、快速、有效的解除偃松种子休眠、促进萌发的技术措施提供理论和技术参考。【方法】试验为单因素试验,采用三种不同浓度的H2SO4(1%、5%、10%)、NaOH(0.1%、1%、2%)、KNO3(1%、2%、4%)、PEG6000(5%、10%、15%)、GA3(10 mg·L-1、100 mg·L-1、300mg·L-1)、IAA(10 mg·L-1、100 mg·L-1、300 mg·L-1)、ABA(10 mg·L-1、100 mg·L-1、300 mg·L-1)溶液处理经过雪藏的偃松种子,浸种时间为24 h,进行偃松种子的萌发试验。【结果】不同处理间的发芽率、发芽势及发芽指数的差异均达到极显著水平。对种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数做相关性分析,显示三者之间呈极显著正相关关系,且相关系数都高于0.9,说明这三个性状之间的联系尤为密切。经过萌发试验,发现4%KNO3、10%PEG6000、100mg·L-1 GA3能有效提高偃松种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数。三个处理的种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数的平均值为83.56%、67.55%和37.22%,分别超过对照发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数的14.99%、51.22%和54.63%。【结论】在实际生产实践中,对这几种方法加以推广利用,可以显著提高偃松种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数,也可以把几种方法相结合进行,以期更进一步促进偃松种子的萌发。

【Objective】It is difficult to germinate in the natural state,which seriously restricts the development of Pinus pumila,the seed germination experiment was carried out in the HU Zhong area of the Da Xinganling Mountains,which provided theoretical and technical references for formulating practical,economical,rapid and effective technical measures to remove dormancy and promote germination.【Method】The seed germination experiment was carried out by using three kinds of solutions H2SO4(1%,5%,10%),NaOH(0.1%,1%,2%),KNO3(1%,2%,4%),PEG6000(5%,10%,15%),GA3((10 mg·L-1,100 mg·L-1,300 mg·L-1),IAA(10 mg·L-1,100 mg·L-1,300 mg·L-1),ABA(10 mg·L-1,100 mg·L-1,300 mg·L-1))with different concentrations,and the soaking time was 24 h.【Result】The differences of germination rate,germination potential and germination index among different treatments were extremely significant. The correlation analysis of germination rate,germination potential and germination index of seeds shows that there is an extremely significant positive correlation among the three,and the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.9,indicating that the three traits are particularly closely related. Through germination test,it was found that 4% KNO3,10%PEG6000 and 100 mg·L-1 GA3 could effectively improve the germination rate,germination potential and germination index of Pinus pumila seeds. The average values of germination rate,germination potential and germination index of the three treatments were 83.56%,67.55% and 37.22%,and were respectively 14.99%,51.22% and 54.63% higher than the control.【Conclusion】In the practical production practice,these methods can be popularized and utilized,which can significantly improve the germination potential,germination rate and germination index of the Pinus pumila seeds,or can be combined to further promote the germination of Pinus pumila seeds.