带有不确定性的公共租赁自行车的管理优化研究

Management and optimization of public rental bikes with uncertainty

研究城市公共租赁自行车的管理优化问题,将其分成两个子问题,即公共租赁自行车停放点的布局优化问题和公共租赁自行车的调度优化问题.设置合适的公共租赁自行车停放点的目的,一方面是方便管理人员的管理,另一方面是方便公众的出行.公共租赁自行车的调度需要保证调度过程中产生的总费用最少.在公共租赁自行车的实际管理中,每个停放点的需求量和调度车的行驶时间是不确定的,因此引入两个不确定变量,建立不确定0-1规划模型和不确定整数规划模型,并利用不确定理论将两个不确定性模型分别转化为确定性等价类模型.通过一个数值实验对所提出的模型进行验证,根据第1个优化模型求解得到公共租赁自行车的最优停放点,并基于最优停放点根据第2个优化模型求解生成公共租赁自行车的最优调度方案.

This paper studies the management and optimization of public rental bikes in cities,and divides it into two sub-problems:the layout optimization of parking spots and the dispatching optimization of public rental bikes.The purposes of setting appropriate parking spots,on the one hand,is for easier controllers’management than before;on the other hand,is facilitating the traveling for everyone.The dispatching of bikes is for minimizing the total cost yielded during the dispatching process.In the actual management of public rental bikes,the demand of each parking spots and the time of the dispatch vehicles are uncertainties,therefore,the uncertain variables are introduced,and the uncertain 0-1 programming model and the uncertain integer programming model are established.The uncertainty models are transformed into equivalent dete rministic models using the uncertainty theory.Finally,a numerical experiment is carried out to verify the models proposed in this paper.By solving the first optimal model,the optimal parking spots for public rental bikes are obtained,and then based on the optimal parking spots,the second optimal model is solved to generate the optimal dispatching scheme.