“派下去，请上来”：建国初期疏通民族关系的伟大创举

Research on the Interactive Methods to Improve Ethnic Relations in the Early Period of the People’s Republic of China

新中国成立初期,占全国总人口6%的少数民族人口生活在约占全国总面积60%的国土面积上,民族关系复杂,民族团结形势严峻,党和人民政府对少数民族地区的情况没有全面摸清,在民族地区的执政基础相对薄弱。建国伊始,中央人民政府即派出中央民族访问团分赴各少数民族聚居地,宣传党的民族政策,传达党和政府的关怀,表达汉族人民的兄弟情谊,调研少数民族地区情况,同时组织各少数民族和宗教上层人士到北京参加国庆观礼活动。这一来一往,充分体现了中国共产党的深情厚爱和博大胸怀,在中国民族史上产生了重要影响,有力推动了少数民族群众对中国国产党从了解信任到强烈热爱和衷心拥戴的历史性转变。同时,增强了各民族之间共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的中华民族共同体意识,为全面实行民族区域自治制度和建立新型民族关系创造了条件,是中国民族关系史上的创举。

In the early years of the People’s Republic of China(PRC),ethnic minorities,accounting for 6%of China’s total population,lived in about 60%of the country’s total land area.In this period,ethnic relations were complex and ethnic unity was confronted with severe challenge.The Party and the people’s government did not have a comprehensive understanding of the situation in ethnic minority areas,and the governing foundation in ethnic minority areas was relatively weak.Shortly after the founding of the PRC,the central government sent delegations to ethnic settlements,aiming at promoting the Party’s ethnic policy,conveying the Party and the government’s concern and expressing the Han people’s brotherly feeling.Meanwhile they surveyed ethnic minority areas and invited the upper echelons of frontier ethnic and religious groups to attend the National Day ceremony in Beijing.This innovative method of interaction,with the profound affection and broad mind of the CPC,exerted an important influence on the ethic history of China and effectively promoted the historic development of ethnic minorities’attitude towards the CPC from understanding and trust to intensive love and heartfelt support.At the same time,it enhanced their sense of ethnic community and motivation of struggle for Chinese people’s shared prosperous future,and created conditions for the thorough implementation of regional ethnic autonomy and the establishment of a new type of ethnic relations,which was a pioneering work in the history of ethnic relations in China.