城市化发展差异及评价研究——基于我国31个省市的实证分析

Research on the Differences and Evaluation of Urbanization Development——Empirical Analysis based on 31 Provinces and Cities in China

改革开放以来,我国的城镇化发展速度显著加快,城市化率不断提升。但城市化进程中的地区发展差异、城市污染等问题较为突出。基于此,本文利用因子分析法对我国31个省市的城市化发展水平进行评价。研究发现:我国的城市化水平存在较大的区域差异,主要表现为"东高西低"的态势;东部沿海地区的城市化总体得分较高,发展速度快于内陆地区;经济基础因子得分较高的地区主要在东部区域;生态环境因子得分较低的地区主要在中西部;城市化发展的社会生活因子得分则较为均衡。

Since the reform and opening up, China’s urbanization has accelerated at a rapid pace, and the rate of urbanization has continued to increase. However, regional development differences and urban pollu-tion in the process of urbanization are more prominent. Based on this, this paper uses factor analysis method to evaluate the urbanization development level of 31 provinces and cities in China. The study finds that there are large regional differences in the level of urbanization in China, mainly as the trend of "high east and low west";the overall score of urbanization in the eastern coastal areas is higher, and the development speed is faster than that of inland areas;The higher areas are mainly in the eastern region;the areas with lower ecoenvironment factor scores are mainly in the central and western regions;the social life factors of urbaniza-tion development are more balanced.