失信联合惩戒之污名及其法律控制

The Stigmatization and Its Legal Control of Joint Punishment for Breach of Trust

失信联合惩戒的问题核心是污名。污名的法律属性及其社会效果,在不同的时代各具不同的表达。古代刑法上的污名,是一种附随性刑事制裁措施.具有控制违法犯罪行为和提升伦理道德认同的社会效果。近现代美国、德国和日本行政法上的污名一一“违法事实公布”,是一种依靠社会非难确保义务履行的特殊方式,具有强化法律实施的社会效果。失信联合惩戒之污名,因所针对行为法律后果的不同而呈现出不同的法律属性和社会效果。污名的泛化会带来合法性危机和诉讼风险,并影响失信联合惩戒的法治化,应引起理论界和实务界的高度重视。应对失信联合惩戒之污名进行法律控制,防止污名的泛化和降低其对法治中国建设的消极影响。

The core of the problem of joint punishment for breach of trust is stigma.The legal attributes of stigma and its social effects have different expressions in different times.The stigma in ancient criminal law is a kind of attached criminal sanctions, which has the social effect of controlling illegal and criminal acts and promoting ethical and moral identity.In modern times, the stigma of administrative law in the United States, Germany and Japan--"the publication of illegal facts" is a special way to ensure the performance of obligations by social criticism, and has the social effect of strengthening the implementation of the law.The stigma of joint punishment for breach of trust shows different legal attributes and social effects because of the different legal consequences of the behavior.The generalization of the stigma will bring legal crisis and litigation risk, and affect the legalization of the joint punishment for breach of trust, which should be attached great importance to by the theoretical and practical circles.Legal control should be carried out in the field of joint punishment for breach of trust to prevent the generalization of the stigma and reduce its negative impact on the construction of China in the way of the rule of law.