人工智能对知识产权制度的理论挑战及回应

The Theoretical Challenges of Artificial Intelligence to Intellectual Property Regime and its Responses

人工智能生成智力成果能力的提升给知识产权制度正当性带来了伦理与经济学方面的挑战。在伦理方面,产生了主客体界限模糊、劳动理论与人格理论被颠覆、数字鸿沟及作品鸿沟等问题。在经济学方面,主要是激励不足、交易成本提高、市场秩序被破坏等困境。为此,有必要改变知识产权主客体二分的思维定式、克服作者中心主义的障碍并转向债权保护模式,实现人工智能创作物的不断涌现和有序发展。

The enhancement of artificial intelligence’s ability to generate intellectual achievements has brought ethical and economic challenges to the legitimacy of the intellectual property regime.On the aspect of ethics,there are problems of the subject and object boundary being blurred,the labor theory and personality theory being subverted,the digital gap,the work gap and so on.In the field of economics theories,the main difficulties are the insufficient incentive,the increase of the transaction cost,the destruction of the market order and so on.Therefore,it is necessary to change the thinking pattern of the dichotomy of the intellectual property subject and object,overcome the obstacles of the author’s centralism,and transfer to liability protection model,so as to realize the incessant emerging and orderly development of the artificial intelligence creation.