不同树龄茶树根际土壤物质对其生长和品质的影响

Effects of Rhizosphere Soil Chemicals on Growth and Quality of Tea Trees at Different Ages

为了分析茶树根际土壤物质对茶树生长和品质的影响,本研究以植茶年限0、3、9、25 a的铁观音茶树根际土壤为材料,采用不同极性树脂吸附茶树根际土壤物质并洗脱,探讨不同植茶年限茶树根际土壤物质对茶树生长和品质的影响。结果表明:不同年限茶树根际土壤物质经树脂吸附后,洗脱液对受体干重的抑制率表现为,25 a>9 a>3 a>0 a,其中以ADS-7树脂洗脱液的抑制作用最强。不同极性树脂洗脱液外源添加处理茶树后,相同树脂处理下,茶树叶片的IAA和ZR含量随着茶树树龄的增加呈现显著下降趋势,而ABA含量则呈现显著上升的趋势。当茶树树龄相同,不同极性树脂依然以ADS-7树脂洗脱液处理后,茶树叶片的IAA和ZR含量最低,ABA含量最高。茶树叶片氨基酸含量分析结果表明,不同树脂处理下,随着茶树树龄的增加,茶树叶片氨基酸总量、亲水氨基酸、甜味氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸等含量呈现下降趋势,而疏水氨基酸、苦味氨基酸含量呈现上升趋势。综上表明,茶树根际土壤物质对茶树存在一定的自毒作用,其中以25 a茶树根际土壤经ADS-7树脂吸附后的洗脱液最强。其次,不同树脂洗脱液可影响茶树的生长和品质,以ADS-7树脂对茶树叶片的激素含量和氨基酸含量影响最大,ADS-7树脂洗脱液可显著影响茶树的生长和品质。

In order to analyze the effect of tea tree rhizosphere soil chemicals on the growth and quality of tea tree,the rhizosphere soils from Tieguanyin tea plantations of 0,3,9 and 25 years old were extracted and eluted through different polar resins to discuss the effects of rhizosphere soil with different planting ages on the growth and quality of tea trees.The inhibitory effects by resin eluents on the receptor dry weight were in the order,25>9>3>0 years,furthermore,the ADS-7 resin adsorption eluent had the strongest inhibitory effect.After exogenous addition the different resin eluent,the contents of IAA and ZR in the tea leaves significantly decreased with the increase of tea tree age,when treated by the same resin eluent,while the ABA content showed a significant increase.In addition,when the tea trees were in the same age,and the effect of different resins were still the ADS-7 most,as showed that the contents of IAA and ZR in the tea leaves were the lowest and the ABA was the highest.Analysis of the contents of amino acids in the tea leaves showed that the contents of total amino acids,hydrophilic amino acids,sweet amino acids and umami amino acids in the tea leaves were showed a downward trend with the increase of tea tree age after treated by different resin eluent.In summary,the rhizosphere soil chemicals of tea tree had an autotoxicity effect on tea tree and the ADS-7 resin eluents from 25-year-old tea tree rhizosphere soil were the stronges.