动态无线传感网中数据查询技术的研究进展

Research Progress on Data Query Technology in Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN)是由大量通信、计算及存储能力有限的传感器节点通过自组织方式构成的网络,可以部署在恶劣环境中执行长期的监测任务。数据查询是WSN中最基础的操作之一,主要指用户通过特定节点向网络分发查询请求,而网络中满足要求的节点再将数据返回给用户。在查询过程中,由于网络存在动态性(如:节点由于受到外力破坏而损毁、移动或睡眠,导致网络拓扑及连通性发生变化;通信链路不可靠等),使得数据传输出现延迟大、能耗高甚至数据丢失等情况,导致查询成功率低。目前有很多学者对该问题进行了研究,并取得了一定的进展,但实际应用中依然有很多问题仍待解决。为了进一步推进动态无线传感网中数据查询技术的深入研究,对近年来的典型工作进行了分析、归纳和总结,并对比了它们的优缺点;然后讨论了该领域亟需解决的关键问题,并指出了下一步的研究方向。

Wireless sensor networks(WSN)are a self-organizing network composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited communication,computing and storage capabilities,which can be deployed to perform long-term monitoring tasks in harsh environments.Data query processing is one of the most basic operations for WSN to obtain monitoring data.It mainly refers to the user distributing query requests to the network through a specific node,and then the node that satisfies the requirements returns the data to the user.In the process of query,because of the dynamic nature of the network(e.g.,the destruction of nodes by external forces,the movement or sleep,resulting in changes in network topology and connectivity,and unreliable communication links,etc.),the data transmission has large delay,high energy consumption and even data loss,resulting in low success rate of query.At present,many scholars study this problem and make some progress,but there are still many problems to be solved in practical application.In order to further promote the in-depth study of data query technology in dynamic wireless sensor networks,this paper analysed and summarized the typical work in recent years,and compared their advantages and disadvantages.Then,this paper discussed the key issues that need to be solved in this field,and finally pointed out the next research directions.