“家”视野下的法治模式的中国面相

The Chinese Face of the Rule of Law Model from the “Family” Perspective

“家”的生活方式孕育出了中国人特有的权利观念。权利不是作为维系家庭生活的首选机制而是作为备选机制来发挥作用的。“家”的维系依赖于一套以“同”“别”“情”“止”为特征的机制,这些机制深度影响了法律对现实生活的调整方式。“家”的思维方式的扩展,使中国人视野中的社会、国家、世界、自然都有了“家”的意义。在“家”的视域下的个人已不是纯粹意义上的独立个体,而是一种“关系性的自我”,人与共同体的关系是一种责任意识下的关系性平衡。既然“家”型塑着中国人的思维,深度参与了中国人的生活,面向中国人建设法治就不能无视“家”的存在。唯有兴家庭,才能扩大法治的社会之基,而只有充分关照“家”的意义才能构建出属于中国自己的法治模式。“家”意义上的法治重视协商、教育功能的发挥,不是恢复传统的家长制,而是力图通过“家”来培育亲情、人性、宽容、互助,进而培养出公民对社会的责任感,培植法治之善的根基。

The life-style of“Family”breeds Chinese distinctive right views.Rights are not as the first mechanism to maintain family life,but as a back-up mechanism.The maintaining of“Family”relies on a set of mechanism characterized by“Identity”,“Differentiation”,“Empathy”and“Forbiddance”,which deeply influences the legal adjusting way for real life.The expansion of the way of thinking“Family”has made the society,the country,the world,and the nature have the meaning of“Family”.The individual in the“Family”perspective is not an independent individual in the pure sense,but a“relational sevels”,the relationship of individual and community is a kind of intersubjective balance based on the idea of responsibility.Since the“Family”shapes the Chinese thinking and deeply participates in the Chinese life,the existence of“Family”can not be ignored in the construction of rule of law for Chinese.Only by promoting the family can we expand the social foundation of the rule of law,and only by taking full care of the family can we construct our own rule of law model.The rule of law in the sense of“Family”attaches importance to the function of consultation and education.Instead of restoring the traditional paternalism,it tries to cultivate family affection,humanity,tolerance and mutual assistance through“Family”,and then cultivate the sense of responsibility of citizens to society and the foundation of the good rule of law.