汉语构式“走+N单”研究

A Study of the Chinese Construction“走+ N单”

"走+N单"是一个常见构式,能进入该构式的单音节名词性成分不多,因为在"走+N单"构式中,"走"的意义比较凸显,所以进入该构式的单音节名词性成分必须能够与"走"的意义契合。"走"的本义是"跑",最初"走+N单"中,N单表示目的地,随着"走"字意义的演化,N单的表义范围扩大,N单与"走"的关系也呈现多样化趋势。伴随语言的发展"走"与"N单"的组合也由临时语用现象发展为固定构式。在语法功能和语用价值方面,"走+N单"既可以做主语、谓语、宾语等成分,也可以做独立成分;"走+N单"的语用价值具有多面性,该构式的特点是简洁有力,同时又具有形象性、趣味性的表达效果。

"走+N单" is a common construction. There are not many monosyllabic noun components that can enter the construction, because in the"走 +N单 " construction, the meaning of"走 " is more prominent, so the monosyllabic noun components entering the construction must be able to match the meaning of"走". The original meaning of"走" is"run". In the initial"走+N单", Monosyllabic Nouns means destination. With the evolution of the meaning of the word"走 ", the scope of the meaning of Monosyllabic Nouns expands, and the relationship between Monosyllabic Nouns and"走 " also shows a diversified trend. With the development of language, the combination of"走" and"N单" has also developed from temporary pragmatic phenomenon to fixed construction. In terms of grammatical function and pragmatic value,"走+N单" can be used not only as subject, predicate, object and other components, but also as an independent component. The pragmatic value of"走+N单" is multifaceted, which can not only achieve concise and powerful language, avoid redundancy, but also increase the image and interest of expression.