蚯蚓堆肥过程中蚯蚓生长性能及基料主要酶活性研究

Research on the Growth Characteristics of Earthworm and Enzyme Activity in Base Stock During Vermicomposting

为促进蚯蚓堆肥技术在处理有机废弃物方面的利用,以污泥、玉米芯、苹果渣等为材料,设置初始碳氮比分别为25∶1、20∶1的实验组,在实验室模拟进行蚯蚓堆肥,测定蚯蚓堆肥过程中的蚯蚓生长性能及基料主要酶活性变化规律。结果表明:养殖时间能极显著影响蚯蚓的日增重倍数(P<0.001),基料起始比碳氮能显著影响蚯蚓的日增重倍数(P<0.05);两组基料中有机碳含量均呈下降趋势,总氮含量先上升后下降,脲酶含量先下降后上升然后又下降,蛋白酶含量初期略有增长之后呈下降趋势,且在堆肥期间1组脲酶含量和蛋白酶含量均显著高于2组(P<0.05);1组基料的C/N与蚯蚓平均重呈低度负相关、与基料脲酶含量呈显著负相关、与蛋白酶含量呈显著正相关。总之,1组比2组更利于蚯蚓的生长,利于脲酶和蛋白酶对基料相应物质的分解转化,建议在利用蚯蚓堆肥处理有机废弃物时,要注意堆肥配方起始碳氮比的调制。

In order to promote the utilization of earthworm composting technology in the treatment of organic waste,the paper analyzed the change law of growth characteristics of earthworm and enzyme activity in base stock.Vermicomposting was to carry out in with sewage sludge,corn cob and apple slag for materials.The initial C-to-N ratio was 25∶1 and 20∶1 of 1th and 2th group in this experiment.The results showed that the cultural time had significant effect on daily growth rate of earthworms(P<0.01),the initial C-to-N ratio had significant effect on daily growth rate of earthworms(P<0.05).The organic carbon content was going down in base stock,the total nitrogen content increased first and then descreased,the urease content tended to first down,then up and down.The protease content raised in the earlier days then declined.The urease content and protease content in 1th group was significant higher than 2th group(P<0.05).The C-to-N ratio of base stock in 1th group was negatively correlated in low degree with earthworms average weight,was significant negatively correlated with the urease content(P<0.05),were significant positively correlated with the urease content(P<0.01).In a word,the growth characteristics of earthworm in 1th group was better than 2th group,and the base stock in 1th group was better for decomposition and transformation of related substances.It suggest to pay great attention to the initial C-to-N ratio in compost formula modulation during treatment of organic waste using vermicomposting.