燕国史事“桓侯徙临易”探究

Probing into the Historical Event of Yan State: “Huan Hou Moved Its Capital to Linyi”

“桓侯徙临易”是燕国历史上的重要事件。由于历史记载中燕国有三个国君的谥号都是“桓”,故而学界对“徙临易”的究竟是哪个桓侯提出了不同的看法。因没有解决燕国国君谥号重出的问题,所以还不能得出最终结论。但根据事件发生的年代,一般认为“徙临易”的是春秋早期的燕桓侯。关于“临易”的地理位置,有两种不同的说法:一种认为在现今河北省雄县、容城一带,更具体地说是在容城县南阳遗址;另一种认为临易与河北省易县的燕下都遗址是同一个地方。根据传世文献和考古资料,并结合历史情境,临易所在地为南阳遗址更具说服力。

“Huan Hou moved its capital to Linyi”is an important event in the history of Yan State.According to the historical records,there are three monarchs of Yan State whose posthumous titles are all“Huan”.Therefore,scholars have different views on which Huan Hou moved to Linyi.Because the problem of the same posthumous titles of the three monarchs has not been solved,the final conclusion cannot be reached.However,according to the time of the event,it is generally believed that it is monarch Yan Huan Hou in the early Spring and Autumn Period who moved its capital to Linyi.About the geographical location of Linyi,there are two different views.One is that it is located in the area of Xiongxian and Rongcheng in Hebei Province,more specifically in Nanyang site of Rongcheng County.The other is that Linyi is then the ancient capital ruins Yan Huan Hou moved to that year,Yixian in Hebei Province.According to the documents handed down from ancient times and the archaeological materials,combined with the historical situation,Nanyang site is more convincing.