贫困地区民族村寨旅游城市化特征及机制分析——以西江千户苗寨为例

Characteristics and Mechanism of Tourism Urbanization in Ethnic Villages in Remote and Poor Areas——Taking Miao Village in Xijiang as an Example

作为多元城市化模式之一的旅游城市化近年来已被证实是我国乡村城市化发展的重要路径。基于质性研究的方法,对边贫地区民族旅游村寨西江千户苗寨的旅游城市化特征及机制进行了分析和探讨,研究发现西江千户苗寨旅游城市化呈现如下特征:①寨内软硬基础设施及服务配套建设基本实现城市化;②农户生计由传统的农业经济转向旅游经济,生计方式完全实现旅游化;③村民消费结构和居住条件等生活方式已经呈现市民化;④村民的商业意识、教育观念等思想观念现代化转向十分明显。独特的民族文化资源禀赋、政府的强力推动、村民的积极参与、强劲的游客搬运等是诱发西江千户苗寨旅游城市化的主要机制。

As one of the pluralistic urbanization modes,the tourism urbanization has been proved to be an important choice for the urbanization of China’s rural areas in recent years.Based on the qualitative research method,the characteristics and mechanism of tourism urbanization in Miao village of Xijiang in remote and poor areas were studied and discussed.The research finds that the tourism urbanization of Miao village in Xijiang has the following characteristics: the soft and hard infrastructure and the supporting service construction in Xijiang Miao village basically realize urbanization;Farmers’ livelihood has changed from traditional agricultural economy to tourism economy and gradually realize the way of subsistence tourism.The consumption structure and the transformation of educational concept is also beginning to be rooted in the consciousness of the villagers.The unique national cultural resource endowment,the strong promotion of the government ,the active participation of the villagers,and the strong moving of tourists are the main driving factors to induce the urbanization of Miao village in Xijiang.