我国刑事缺席审判制度中惩罚犯罪与保障人权平衡研究

Research on the Balance Between Punishing Crime and Protecting Human Rights in the Criminal Trial System in Absentia

刑事缺席审判制度在国外已经存在大量的理论研究、立法文本和司法实践经验,而在我国却属于一个新近热门的研究领域,相关理论和试点实践在近两年开始不断增加。文章主要关注刑事缺席审判制度面临的送达执行难、救济易被滥用、指定辩护增加司法成本以及检察机关职责缺位、证明标准细化等问题。从惩罚犯罪与保障人权相平衡角度,通过审前保障、审判补充与审后救济来保障缺席对象的权益。通过分析我国缺席审判的特点,借鉴国外的优秀经验,从公诉职责与证明标准方面提高惩罚犯罪的高效性与合理性。

Criminal absent trial system in foreign countries has a large number of theoretical research,legislative text and judicial practice experience,but remains a new hot research field in China that the relevant theory and pilot practice in the past two years began to increase.This paper mainly focuses on the problems that the system of criminal absent trial system is faced with,such as the difficulty in the execution of service,the easy abuse of relief,the increase in judicial cost of designated defense,the absence of the duties of the procuratorial organs and the refinement of the standard of proof.From the perspective of balancing punishment of crime and protection of human rights,the rights and interests of the absent are guaranteed through pre-trial protection,trial supplement and post-trial relief.By analyzing the characteristics of trial in absentia in our country and drawing lessons from the excellent experience of foreign countries,we can improve the efficiency and rationality of punishment crime from the aspects of responsibility of public prosecution and proof standard.