抗战时期太行根据地学龄儿童失学问题浅析

A Brief Analysis of the Problem of School-Age Children in Taihang Base Area during the Anti-Japanese War

抗日根据地的小学教育是引领民众抗日御侮,认同中共抗战的最为普遍的教育形式,尤其能提高根据地儿童的文化素养与政治觉悟,新民主主义革命后继有人。但在抗日战争中,基于社会与家庭诸多因素的阻碍,失学儿童在学龄儿童中所占比例较战前呈骤增趋势。同时,太行区经日军侵略,战前所建学校和文化机关被摧毁,书籍、实验器材等教学用具也损失殆尽。针对教学设施严重缺乏的情形,边区政府予以指导,教员与学生积极组织动员学龄儿童入学,经过教员、学生、村干部的努力,大多数失学儿童得以返校,太行根据地的小学教育取得了相当成就,教育事业也迅速发展起来。

The primary education in the anti-Japanese base areas plays an important role in leading the people to resist the invasion of Japan in the anti-Japanese war.More importantly,it can improve the cultural quality and political consciousness of the children in the base areas,thus making the new revolution of the Communist Party of China.However,in the anti-Japanese war the proportion of out-of-school children in school-age children had a sharp increase compared to that in the pre-war period as a result of a number of factors from society and the family.At the same time,as the Taihang District had been invaded by the Japanese army,the schools and cultural institutions built before the war were wiped out,and the teaching appliances such as books and experimental equipment were also destroyed.In view of the fact that the teaching facilities were seriously deficient,teachers and students mobilized school-age children to go to school under the direction of the border region government.With the joint efforts of teachers,students and village cadres,most out-of-school children returned to school.Primary education in Taihang base areas made great achievements and education were developed rapidly with the support of the people.