阵元数对组合线阵近场目标定位性能的影响

Effect of Array Element Number on Near-field Target Positioning Performance of Combined Linear Arrays

针对近场水下目标被动定位问题,提出了组合线阵的设计构想,推导出了基阵数据接收模型和近场三维声聚焦波束形成方法,将三维空间切割为多个扫描球面,通过对切割球面上聚焦点的扫描,得到目标方位角和俯仰角,再通过对不同扫描球面上最大输出功率的比较实现目标距离估计。采用常规波束形成方法仿真分析了组合线阵阵元数对水下目标三维空间被动定位性能的影响,结果表明,阵元数越多,阵增益就越强,目标定位的性能就越好,因此,组合线阵设计时每条子阵上的阵元数应尽可能多。

In order to solve the problem of passive positioning of near-field underwater targets,the design concept of com bined linear array is proposed,the data receiving model of array and the method of near-field three-dimensional acoustic focusing beamforming are derived,and the three-dimensional space is cut into several scanning spheres.The azimuth angle and pitch angle of the target are obtained by scanning the focal point on the cutting sphere,and the target distance estimation is realized by compar ing the maximum output power on the different scanning sphere.The conventional beamforming method is used to simulate and ana lyze the effect of array elements on the performance of 3-D passive positioning of underwater targets.The results show that the more array elements,the stronger the gain of array and the better the performance of target location.When designing a circular array,the number of elements on each subarray should be as many as possible.