生物支架材料诱导脂肪来源干细胞成骨分化的最新热点

Research progress in osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells induced by bioscaffold materials

背景:脂肪来源干细胞获取便捷且具有显著的成骨分化能力,被认为是骨缺损修复的理想种子细胞。然而骨组织工程学的研究进展揭示,生物支架材料改性能够直接调控干细胞的成骨分化。目的:综述能够调控脂肪来源干细胞成骨分化效果的各种生物支架材料。方法:由第一作者通过检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Embase和Web of Science数据库2016年1月至2019年5月发表的相关文献,检索词为“脂肪干细胞,支架材料,成骨,金属,钛;Adipose derived stem cells,scaffold,osteogenic,metal,Ti”,最终选取符合标准的文献62篇。结果与结论:用于骨组织工程的支架材料分为无机材料、天然高分子材料、合成高分子材料3类,无机材料包括羟基磷灰石、磷酸三钙、生物活性玻璃、钛金属、镁金属,天然高分子材料包括胶原、丝素蛋白、壳聚糖,合成高分子材料包括聚己内酯、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸及其共聚物-聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物。设计能与细胞相互作用以指导其生物反应和骨分化的材料研究一直层出不穷,但如何营造更安全、更合理、更贴近生物体内的细胞的生长微环境仍然面临着很多困难。对生物支架材料的改性能够直接调控干细胞的成骨分化,同时成骨诱导之外的血管化及植入后的感染也是需要关注的问题。

BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived stem cells are easy to access and have strong proliferative capacity,which are considered as ideal seed cells for bone defect repair.The bone tissue engineering research progress reveals that bioscaffold material modification can directly regulate the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.OBJECTIVE:To review various biological scaffold materials that can regulate the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.METHODS:The first author searched the articles in CNKI,WanFang,VIP,PubMed,Embase and Web of Science databases published from January 2016 to May 2019.The search terms were“adipose derived stem cells,scaffold,osteogenic,metal,Ti”in Chinese and English,respectively.Finally 62 eligible articles were selected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering are classified into inorganic materials(hydroxyapatite,tricalcium phosphate,bioglass,titanium,and magnesium),natural polymer materials(collagen,silk fibroin,and chitosan)and synthetic polymer materials(polycaprolactone,polylactic acid,polyglycolic acid and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)).The studies on materials that interact with cells to guide their biological response and bone differentiation are increasing.But how to create a safe,rational,and close to the micro-environment of cell growth in vivo is a challenge.Modification of bioscaffold materials can directly regulate osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.Moreover,vascularization and post-implantation infections are issues of concern.