提高反刍动物终生生产性能的营养策略

Nutrition strategies to improve the lifetime productivity of ruminants

本文综述了营养策略在提高反刍动物终生生产性能的作用。通过营养干预手段延长反刍动物生产寿命不仅提高了反刍动物寿命和福利,而且降低了反刍动物甲烷排放对环境影响。本文讨论此类营养干预是如何提高反刍动物生产效率和农场盈利能力,包括氧化还原平衡、骨骼发育和健康、营养利用和可持续性,以及不使用抗生素饲养反刍动物和降低甲烷排放。虽然这些领域之间的关系极其复杂,但需要一种多学科的方法来制定营养战略,使反刍动物能够对它们的生命周期中必需承受的环境和生理挑战具有更强的适应能力。随着世界人口的增加,人们对反刍动物产品的需求迅速增长,本文从动物兽医科学和营养学方面探讨了可持续的反刍动物生产、提高饲料养分利用率、动物健康和福利以及降低炭排放。

This paper reviewed the role of nutritional strategies to improve lifetime performance in ruminants.Strategies to increase ruminants’productive by various nutritional interventions provide the opportunity not only to increase their lifetime performances and welfare,but also to decrease their environmental impact(methane emission).This paper will also discuss how nutritional interventions can increase herd efficiency and farm profitability.The key competencies reviewed in this article are redox balance,skeletal development and health,nutrient utilization and sustainability,which includes rearing ruminants without antibiotics and methane mitigation.While the relationships between these areas are extremely complex,a multidisciplinary approach is needed to develop nutritional strategies that would allow ruminants to become more resilient to the environmental and physiological challenges that they will have to endure during their productive career.As the growing of world population,the ruminant demands is also increasing,this review is to present animal and veterinary as well as nutritionists a multidisciplinary approach towards a sustainable ruminant production,while improving feed nutrient utilization,health and welfare,and mitigation of reducing carbon emissions.