特色小镇价值取向与发展模式研究——基于浙江省第一批特色小镇“警告”与“降级”的经验证据

Research on the Constrcution and Operation of Characteristic-town--Based on the First Batch of"Degrading and Warning"of Characteristic-towns in Zhejiang Province

特色小镇作为新时期中国城镇化发展的重要创新形式,已经成为解决城乡二元结构和产业经济结构调整的供给侧改革有益探索。但是现行的小镇开发建设尚未处理好政府“主导”与“引导”背后的利益关系,传统开发区建设、地方政府债务风险、房地产化倾向隐现。为此,文章以浙江省第一批“警告”和“降级”特色小镇为对象,考察了小镇的价值取向、建设路径与实际运营效果。研究发现:宽进严出、实行年度考核的特色小镇考核模式,与“政府引导、企业主导”的建设路径发生了错位配置。政府越位主导,走传统开发区老路子成为现行考核机制下最理性的选择。因此,有必要针对小镇政府主导倾向,作出对应的顶层机制调整与转变,围绕“重塑运营理念与政府定位,引进特色小镇市场化运营人才;考核机制再设计;阶梯式培育序列”等顶层设计,全面深化改革。

Characteristic-town,as a new platform of developing Chinese urbanization and innovation,has become a beneficial exploration to solve the problems in urban-rural dual structure and industrial restructuring through supply-side reform.However,the development of the characteristic-town has not dealt well with the interests between the"dominant"role and the guiding role of the government,which results in some problems in aspects as the construction of traditional development zones,debt risks of local government and the real estate tendency.Thus,this article investigates the value orientation,construction path and real operation effect of the characteristic-town based on the"warning-given"and"degraded"characteristic-towns in Zhejiang province.The results show that the construction path of"government-guiding and enterprise-dominating"has been mismatched with the annual assessment mechanism of the characteristic-town which is"elastic admission and strict exist".The traditional way of development zone becomes the most rational choice under current assessment mechanism.Therefore,it is necessary to adjust and change the top-level mechanism of characteristic-towns by reshaping the operation concept and government orientation,recruiting market-oriented operation talents,re-designing the assessment mechanism and re-creating diversified incubation sequences.