微时代大学生心理健康教育创新路径探析

On the Innovative Path of College Students’ Mental Health Education in the Micro-era

微时代大学生心理行为发展环境出现了诸多变化,表现为生活的网络化及网络的生活化,网络人际互动的间接性和可控性,个性行为表现的去情境化倾向,网络空间规则与规范作用被弱化和虚化等特征。这些特征对大学生的发展需求、学习生活方式、人际互动、价值追求等方面产生广泛而深刻的影响,既有利于大学生个性心理、情绪调节、文化认知和社会认知等方面的发展,有利于帮助大学生实现心理自助和心理帮扶。但却对大学生的手机依赖心理、成瘾行为、直接人际互动能力、人生观、世界观和价值观以及品德等方面的形成与发展,产生了一定的消极影响。针对微时代的这些特征和影响,需要从几个方面创新大学生心理健康教育的路径:建立校园或大学城心理健康教育教学微社区平台,发挥主流网络心理健康教育教学的主导作用;拓展网络心理互助微辅导渠道、充分发挥网络朋辈心理辅导的主体作用;构建线上线下联动模式,切实提高大学生现实人际互动能力和心理健康水平;加强网络法律法规建设、教育与宣传,打造微时代清朗和谐的心理发展网络空间;提升大学生网络道德自律水平,促进微时代大学生网络品德良性发展。

In the micro-era,there have been many changes in the environment of College Students'psychological and behavioral development,such as the networking of life and the lifestyle of the network,the indirectness and controllability of interpersonal interaction on the network,the de-situational tendency of personality behavior,and the weakening and emptying of the role of rules and norms in cyberspace.These characteristics have brought about extensive and profound changes in college students'development needs,learning lifestyle,interpersonal interaction and value pursuit.They are not only conducive to the development of College Students'personality psychology,emotional regulation,cultural and social cognition,but also conducive to helping college students achieve psychological self-help and psychological assistance.However,it has a negative impact on the formation and development of College Students'mobile phone dependence psychology,addiction behavior,direct interpersonal interaction ability,outlook on life,world outlook and values,and morality.In view of these characteristics and impacts of the micro-era,we need to innovate the path of College Students'mental health education from several aspects:Establish a micro-community platform for mental health education teaching in campus or university town to play the leading role of mainstream network mental health education teaching;Expand the channels of network psychological mutual assistance micro-counseling,and give full play to the main role of network peer psychological counseling;Constructing the online-offline linkage model to effectively improve college students'real interpersonal interaction ability and mental health level;Strengthening the construction of network laws and regulations,education and publicity to create a clear and harmonious psychological development network space in the micro-era;Promoting the self-discipline level of College Students'network morality and promoting the healthy development of College Students'network morality in the micro-era.