中部地区生态文明建设的成就、问题及对策

The Ecological Civilization Construction in Central China:Achievements,Problems and Countermeasures

中部地区是中国的“生态重地”“绿色要地”“环保屏障”。推动中部地区生态文明建设,建设绿色发展的美丽中部,对于全国生态文明建设和实现“美丽中国”具有十分重大的理论和现实意义。近十多年来,中部地区生态文明建设取得显著成就和积极进展,如造林面积扩大,森林覆盖率提高;水土流失治理得到加强;建立了自然保护区和生态文明试验区;水、空气质量明显提高,生态环境质量显著改善;健全体制机制,完善法律法规。但同时中部地区生态文明建设仍面临诸多问题与挑战,如生态破坏、资源短缺、环境污染、自然灾害和经济贫困。为此,需遵循人地和谐、综合施策、因地制宜、循序渐进和久久为功等五条原则,采取加强学习、开展环境治理、大搞生态建设、转变发展方式、保护生态环境、强化监督管理等六项措施。

The central region is China’s“ecological center”,“green center”and“environmental protection bar-rier”.Promoting the construction of ecological civilization in the central region and building a beautiful central region with green development is of great theoretical and practical significance for the ecological civilization con-struction of the entire country and the realization of“beautiful China”.In the past decade,remarkable achieve-ments and positive progress have been made in ecological civilization construction in the central region.For ex-ample,the scale of forestation has been enlarged and the forest coverage rate increased;the control of water and soil erosion has been strengthened;natural conservation areas and ecological civilization pilot areas have been es-tablished;the quality of water and air has been significantly improved,and the quality of the ecological environ-ment obviously improved.The ecological protection institutions and mechanisms have been enhanced and the laws and regulations strengthened.However,the construction of ecological civilization in central China still faces many problems and challenges,such as ecological destruction,resource shortage,environmental pollution,natural disasters and economic poverty.Hence,we need to follow the five principles,that is,harmony between man and earth,comprehensive measures,measures tailored to local conditions,gradual progress and long-term progress.We need to take six measures,namely,strengthening study,carrying out environmental governance,promoting ec-ological improvement,changing the pattern of development,protecting the ecological environment and strengthe-ning supervision and management.