毛葡萄种植对岩溶地区坡地土壤肥力的影响

Effect of Vitis heyneana Planting on Fertility of Sloping Land in Karst Area

为了说明石山坡地作物种植对岩溶地区土壤肥力变化的影响,以便为大石山区经济开发和石漠化治理提供理论支持,以广西河池市罗城县毛葡萄种植基地为研究对象,运用实地调查、定时定点采样和实验分析的方法,对15个不同调查样地土壤的pH、水分含量、有机质含量、氮磷钾含量,以及脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶活性等指标的季节变化进行动态监测,结果表明:①15个样地土壤肥力大小的排序为:M>G、J、K、L>C、I、N、O>A、D、E、F>B>H;②不同样地土壤肥力的季节变化,受人为干扰、气候变化、植被覆盖、地形地貌、栽培管理措施等多种因素影响,虽然不同样地的变化情况不一致,但同一样地土壤肥力的季节差异非常显著;③毛葡萄种植对石山坡地土壤肥力的变化有较大的影响,为了保持土壤肥力,科学经营管理是必须考虑的问题;④在石山坡地种植毛葡萄,应当对产业发展的生态效益和经济效益进行科学的评估,并采用合理套种及多种经营的策略,尽量减少水土流失,维持土地生产力,切实防止大面积毁林开荒及石漠化问题发生。由此可见,在石山坡地种植毛葡萄,不能仅考虑短期的经济效益,生产活动对土壤肥力变化及生态环境影响的相关问题,应引起个体经营者及当地有关部门的关注,并采取必要的防范措施。

In order to illustrate the effect of crop planting on soil fertility in karst areas,provide theoretical support for economic development and treatments of karst rocky desertification in the Dashi mountain area,the Vitis heyneana planting base in Luocheng county,Hechi city,Guangxi is taken as the research object,The seasonal changes of soil pH,moisture content,organic matter content,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content,urease activity,sucrase activity,and alkaline phosphatase activity in 15 different samples are monitored by field investigation,fixed sampling and experimental analysis.The experiment results show that:①in this study,the soil fertility of 15 sample plots is ranked as:M>G、J、K、L>C、I、N、O>A、D、E、F>B>H.②The seasonal variation of soil fertility in different areas is affected by various factors such as human disturbance,climate change,vegetation coverage,topography and landform,cultivation management measures,etc.Although the changes in different survey sites are inconsistent,the seasonal differences in soil fertility are very significant.③The planting of Vitis heyneana on the slope of Karst mountain has a great influence on the change of soil fertility of sloping cultivated land.In order to maintain soil fertility,the scientific management must be considered.④To plant Vitis heyneana on the slope of Karst mountain,the ecological and economic benefits of industrial development should be scientifically evaluated,and reasonable interplanting and diversified management strategies should be adopted as far as possible,so as to reduce soil erosion,maintain soil productivity,and practically prevent deforestation and karst rocky desertification.Therefore,self-employed and local authorities should pay attention to the problems related to the soil fertility change and environmental impact of planting Vitis heyneana on the slope land of karst mountain,and the necessary precautions should be taken.