环境犯罪保护客体：“环境权说”之重塑

Object of Environmental Crime Protection: The Reconstruction of “Environmental Rights Theory”

环境犯罪保护的客体应视为一种“权利关系”,“环境权说”契合这一客体理论之内涵,且符合中国环境保护法律体系之内在要求和环境犯罪刑法法律规范体系,相比于其他客体理论具有独到的优势,环境犯罪客体理论应提倡“环境权说”。环境权是指个人、集体或国家所享有的美好生存、发展环境及合理利用生态资源的权利,并且对该权利的保护以刑罚制裁为手段。环境权的主体原则上仅限于当代的自然人;环境权的内容包括美好生活权和资源利用权。

The object of environmental crime protection should be regarded as a kind of“right relationship”.“Environmental Rights Theory”conforms to the connotation of this object,and conforms to the requirements of China’s environmental protection legal system and the legal standard system of environmental crime.Compared with other object theories,the object theory of environmental crime should advocate“Environmental Rights”.Environmental Rights refer to the right of individuals,collectives or countries to enjoy a better environment for survival and development and to make rational use of ecological resources,and the protection of these rights should be fulfilled by means of criminal sanctions.In principle,the subject of environmental rights is limited to contemporary natural person.Environmental rights include the right to have a better life and the right to use resources.