政治哲学的检验

Testing the Philosophy of Politics

马里奥·邦格在此篇论文中阐述了他政治哲学的基本观点。邦格以其精确的实证性要求任何政治哲学都需审慎地接受被设计条件的实证检验,借以区分政治哲学和政治意识形态概念上的混淆。对臆想性论断的宽容将会使得“公地悲剧”不断在政治生活中上演,遮蔽政治哲学中理性的判断。从政治哲学的检验角度而言,已经发生的政治运动会证实或者证伪某些政治论断,从而可以评价某一政治哲学称述的真理性。在文章中,邦格以自由主义、平等主义、社群主义为例,从激进和温和两个方面进行考察,指出政治哲学理论应该在实证检验的基础上进行辩证的融合,接纳那些经受住实证检验的政治哲学理论,搁置未通过实证检验的政治哲学理论。

In this paper,Mario Bunge interprets his basic concepts concerning the philosophy of politics.With precise empirical evidences,he asks any school of philosophy of politics to prudently accept the empirical test within the designed conditions aiming to distinguish the confusion in definitions between the philosophy of politics and political ideology.The tolerance to imaginative conclusions must result in the consistent performance of"Tragedy of the Commons"in politic lives which may cover the rational judgment in the philosophy of politics.From the perspective of testing the philosophy of politics,the happened politic movements can verify or falsify some politic claims,thus evaluating the truthfulness of certain allegations in the philosophy of politics.Bunge investigates it from radical and gentle perspectives taking liberalism,egalitarianism,and communitarianism as examples,and points out the views about the philosophy of politics should be dialectically merged together on the basis of empirical tests,accepting the empirically tested views and shelving the unempirical ones.