牙周炎药物治疗中新型药物传递系统的研究进展

Research progress of new drug delivery system in the treatment of periodontitis

牙周炎是一种常见的由口腔致病微生物引发的慢性感染性疾病,是成年人牙齿缺失的主要原因。在牙周规范化基础治疗基础上,药物辅助治疗能够进一步消除病原菌,有效抑制炎症反应,同时调节宿主防御功能。新型理想的药物输送系统由生物可降解支架和药物组成,能够定向植入病灶,形成药物储备库,提高生物利用度;同时调控药物的释放速率,保持病灶组织长期稳定的药物浓度,从而提高疗效,对局部组织炎症展现出广阔的应用前景。目前广泛研究的新型药物传递系统包括聚合物颗粒、脂质体、水凝胶等。现将从当前牙周炎药物治疗种类及新型药物传递系统方面的研究进展做一综述。

Periodontitis is a common chronic infectious disease caused by oral pathogenic microorganisms. It is the main cause of dentition defect in adults. Based on periodontal initial therapy, drug adjuvant therapy can further eliminate pathogenic bacteria,effectively inhibit inflammatory response, and regulate host defense function. The new ideal drug delivery system consists of biodegradable scaffolds and drugs, which can be directionally implanted into the lesion to form a drug reserve and improve the bioavailability. At the same time, it can regulate the drug release rate and maintain the long-term stable drug concentration in the lesion tissue, thereby improve the curative efficacy and show broad application prospects for local tissue inflammation. Novel drug delivery systems were widely studied at present including polymer particles, liposomes, hydrogels, etc. This review focused on the research progress in the types of drug therapy and new drug delivery system for periodontitis.