大学生自伤行为:现状、影响因素和启示

Self-injury Behavior among College Students: Status, Influencing Factors and Implications

已有研究普遍显示,我国大学生自伤行为的检出率约10%~21%;童年期受虐待和忽视、应对方式、人格、负性生活事件、家庭教养方式等因素会影响大学生的自伤行为。基于大学生自伤行为及其影响因素研究,高校应重视大学生自伤行为的防控;重视大学生情绪调控、挫折应对方面的心理健康教育;加强大学生社会支持系统的构建,并鼓励其利用社会支持;倡导积极应对方式,减少消极应对方式;优化大学生人格;注意预防经历较多负性生活事件大学生的自伤行为。

Studies have generally shown that the detection rate of self-injury behavior among college students in China is between 10%and 21%and the influencing factors include childhood abuse and neglect,coping style,personality,negative life events,and parenting styles.Universities should strive to prevent and control the self-injury behavior of college students by stressing mental health education,especially in the aspects of emotional regulation and frustration handling,by building up a social support system for college students and encouraging them to turn on social support,by advocating positive coping styles,by optimizing college students'personality,and by showing special concern to those college students having experienced relatively more negative life events.