论基于故事的儿童哲学思维的训练

The Training of Children’s Story-based Philosophical Thought

儿童哲学思维是指儿童在学习和生活中通过对事物的起源、事物最简单的关系和变化的思考,形成对客观世界的认识的一种思维方法,旨在培养儿童的逻辑思维和独立思考的能力。其最典型的特点是具有朴素逻辑性,皮亚杰、布鲁纳、奥斯坎扬的儿童哲学观为儿童哲学思维的训练提供了理论基础。研究以曲阜市某幼儿园大班小朋友为例,通过故事叙述法,儿童与教师、同伴、故事中的人物进行对话,进行基于故事的儿童哲学思维训练。研究发现对话是研究儿童哲学思维的重要方式,分析能力和判断能力是儿童哲学思维的主要表现,掌握推理规则是研究儿童哲学思维的基本要求。

Children’s philosophical thought refers to children’s thinking and method of forming an understanding of the objective world by studying the origin and thinking of the simplest relationship and change of things in their study and life,and aims to cultivate the children’s logical thought and independent thinking ability.The most typical characteristic of children’s philosophical thinking is that it has simple logic.Piaget,Bruner,and Oskanyan’s philosophy of children provide a theoretical basis for the training of children’s philosophical thinking.Researcher takes kindergarten top class children as an example in Qufu.Through the story narration,the children talk with teachers,peers and the characters in the story,carrying out the training of children’s philosophical thought on the basis of the story.The study found that dialogue is an essential way to study children’s philosophical thought.Analysis ability and judgment ability are the main manifestations of the thought.Grasping rules of inference is the basic requirement of studying philosophical thought of children.