氧在金属银中融入与析出机制的研究

Mechanism of Oxygen Dissolved into and out Metal Silver

为了获得电导率和热导率等理化特性优异的高纯度无氧银,从热力学、晶格动力学等角度出发,对银的晶格结构及振动规律进行了研究,对银中氧在不同温度下的动态行为进行了分析,对固态、液态、及固-液相间转换过程中银的融氧机制进行了深入细致的分析研究。得出了当温度T≤800℃时,仅有上一轮液-固相间转换过程中未完全释放出来的残氧以代位原子的形式残留于固态银之中;当温度800℃≤T≤961.63℃时,仅有极其微量的氧原子以代位原子的方式融入银晶格表面层;然而当温度T≥961.63℃时,由于银极高的热传导特性,固态银在非常窄的温度范围内快速发生了固-液相间转换,氧原子在极短的时间内大量融入了液态银之中的结论。较好地解释了银的融氧现象,研究结果对获得工业无氧银具有重要理论价值。

In order to obtain the high purity anaerobic silver with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, the lattice structure and vibration of silver were researched with thermodynamics and lattice dynamics, the dynamic behavior of oxygen at different temperatures was analyzed, the mechanism of oxygen dissolved into and out silver including solid state, liquid state and "solid-liquid" phase conversion was explained in this essay. The conclusion was obtained as follows. When the temperature was below 800 ℃, only a few residual oxygen atoms which were not released in the previous "liquid-solid" phase conversion in the form of replacing for silver atom existed in silver. When the temperature was higher than 800 ℃ but lower than 961.63 ℃, only small amount of oxygen atoms dissolved into the silver lattice surface by replacing silver atoms. When the temperature was higher than 961.63 ℃, the solid sliver appeared "solid-liquid" phase conversion in a very narrow temperature range because of excellent thermal conductivity. A large number of oxygen atoms dissolved into the liquid silver rapidly in a very short time. The conclusion had important theoretical value for obtaining industrial anaerobic silver.