心理强迫在侦讯中的应用及其风险防控

The Application of Psychological Coercion in Investigation and Its Rrisk Prevention

"心理强迫"是"生理强迫"基于"保障人权"司法精神的转型,是侦查机关为了获取口供,通过言辞等方式有计划、有步骤地对犯罪嫌疑人的心理活动施加影响,使之破除供述障碍的一种侦查方法。作为一种讯问手段,它具有天然的策略性和欺骗性,这就使得其在应用时潜藏着巨大的风险。因此,明晰其在法律规制上的合法性边界,将"心理强迫"控制在法律容许的"度"的范围内就成为亟需解决的问题。具体可以从统一对"非法方法"的裁量标准,落实录音录像制度,规范讯问的时间长度,建立对讯问活动的评估机制四个方面,来构建心理强迫在讯问实践中的风险防控机制。

“Psychological forcing”is the transformation of the“physical forcing”based on the judicial spirit of“protecting human rights”.The investigator exerts an influence on the psychological activities of the criminal suspects in a planned and systematic manner in order to break the obstacles and obtain the confession.As a means of interrogation,it is naturally strategic and deceptive,which makes it a huge risk in its application.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify its legality boundary and controlling“psychological forcing”legally.It becomes a pressing problem to be solved.Specifically,establishing the risk prevention mechanism for psychological coercion in interrogation practice ought to put four aspects into account,including unify the discretionary standards for“illegal methods”,implement the audio and video recording system,standardize the length of interrogation,and establish the evaluation mechanisms for interrogation activities.