欧盟阻断法令情况及对中国的启示

The Introduction of EU Blocking Statue and Its Implications to China

阻断法令是一国用于对抗他国法律域外管辖的重要手段,近年来被越来越多地应用到国际经济制裁领域。1996年,欧盟制定《阻断条例》以阻止美国《赫尔姆斯—伯顿法》《达马多—肯尼迪法》等法律的域外制裁效力,并于2018年再次修订实施。条例通过规定禁止承认或执行、禁止遵守、豁免、追偿等具体阻断制度,为欧盟公民和企业提供了有力的法律保护。从国际社会来看,在一些国家不顾国际法规则长期通过国内法实施单边制裁的背景下,制定阻断法令应对域外管辖和经济制裁正在成为发展趋势。中国应加快建立完善阻断法律制度,为维护国家利益、保障公民和企业合法权益提供有力的法律保障。

Blocking Statute is an important measure for international community to resist other countries’extraterritorial jurisdiction.In recent years,it has been increasingly applied to international economic sanction.In 1996,the European Union enacted the Blocking Regulation to prevent the extraterritorial sanctions of U.S legislations such as the Helms-Burton Act and D'Amato-Kennedy Act,and revised it in 2018.The Regulation provides a strong legal protection for EU citizens and enterprises by stipulating specific blocking systems such as prohibiting of recognition or enforcement,prohibiting of compliance,exemption,and recovery.Since some countries frequently imposed unilateral sanctions by domestic laws in spite of the rules of international law,it is becoming a trend to make blocking statute deal with foreign extraterritorial jurisdiction and economic sanction.China should promote the establishment of the blocking legal system,and provide a strong legal guarantee for national interests as well as the legitimate rights of citizens and enterprises.