中国当代文学理论的传统性问题

The Conventionality in Chinese Contemporary Literary Theory

历时70年的中国当代文学理论发展,是以“现代性”与“传统性”互为表里的知识化与功能化建构过程。无论是初期的“社会主义现实主义”“人道主义”“形象思维”理论讨论,还是通贯20世纪80年代的“真实性”“主体性”“人道主义与异化问题”与“形象思维”“审美自律”“文化寻根”的理论分歧,抑或是20世纪90年代的传统派与激进派的理论争锋,乃至21世纪后的马克思主义、中国文学理论、西方文学理论的鼎足发展,碾合经验主义、理性主义与功能主义为一体,且具有精神自反性的中国文学理论“传统性”,始终是潜涌在中国当代文学理论思潮中的洪流。中国文学理论的这种“传统性”表明,中国当代文学理论的发展,应理解为以“中国文学理论”特殊性的立场而对“西方文学理论”普遍性的重构,而非对西方文学理论的彻底解构,更非对中国文学理论“民族性”的特殊建构。

Chinese contemporary literary theory has been going through a theoretical construction of intellectualization and functionalization on the basis of "modernity"and "conventionality"over the last 70 years.Whether the initial academic discussions of Socialist Realism,Humanitarianism and"imaginary thinking",the academic discrepancy between the conjoined questions in the 1980 s,such as "authenticity","subjectivity", "Humanitarianism and alienation"and "imaginary thinking", "aesthetic autonomy", "cultural root seeking",the contradiction between Traditionalism and Radicalism in the 1990 s,or the trilateral development of Marxism,Chinese literary theory and Western literary theory in new age,Chinese contemporary literary theory always integrates with empiricism,rationalism and functionalism,processing the spiritual reflectivity of conventionality.We can see that it is the "conventionality"that indicates the development of Chinese contemporary literary theory,which should not be interpreted as radical deconstruction of Western literary theory or special construction of nationality of Chinese literary theory,but the reconstruction of Western literary theory,which based on the distinctiveness in Chinese Literary theory.