质疑施特劳斯《霍布斯的政治哲学》中的三个见解

Questioning Three Main Opinions of Strauss in Hobbes’ Political Philosophy

施特劳斯在《霍布斯的政治哲学》一书中虽然提出不少独到而深刻的见解,但其中一些却是基于明显的主观臆断。依据霍布斯本人的相关论著,对施特劳斯在《霍布斯的政治哲学》一书中的三个主要见解提出质疑,即霍布斯本人实际上确信“政治哲学本质上独立于自然科学”、霍布斯认为“虚荣自负”是每一个人针对每一个人的战争状态的唯一的和根本性的根源、霍布斯最终把国家的起源仅仅归因于人们害怕暴力造成的死亡,以求对霍布斯的思想作出准确阐释。

Although Strauss put forward many original and profound opinions in Hobbes'Political Philosophy,some of them are based on obvious subjective supposition.Based on Hobbes'relevant works,this paper questions three main opinions of Strauss in Hobbes'Political Philosophy,that is,Hobbes himself is actually convinced that“political philosophy is essentially independent of natural science”,Hobbes believes that“vanity”is the only and fundamental source of the war of every man against every man,and Hobbes eventually attributes the genesis of the State only to the fear of violent death,in order to accurately explain Hobbes'thoughts.