总量生产函数的恒等式性质——兼论全要素生产率的实际含义

The Accounting Identity about the Aggregate Production Function and the True Meaning of Total Factor Productivity

总量生产函数是新古典经济学的重要分析工具,自从“两个剑桥之争”以来,这一方法就饱受诟病。通过探讨全要素生产率的实际含义,分析测算全要素生产率的不同方法与收入恒等式之间的联系,可以得到以下结论:常用的几种总量生产函数均可通过收入恒等式变换得到,常用方法所测算的全要素生产率实际上是基于收入恒等式特定收入分配关系的函数,全要素生产率的测算结果往往直接与分配相关而不包含实际生产的信息,用全要素生产率来表示技术进步或效率改进并以此来解释经济增长的做法值得商榷。

Based on the existing research on the accounting identity problem,this article discusses the accounting identity,the aggregate production function and the true meaning of total factor productivity.Firstly,this article summarizes the relationship between several types of aggregate production functions and the accounting identity,then gives a general method for constructing the aggregate production function through accounting identity.Next,we explore the relationship between the method of measuring total factor productivity,such as parameter method and non-parametric method,and accounting identity.Finally,the macroeconomic data of China from 1993 to 2016 is used to verify the true meaning of total factor productivity measured by Solow residual method,and as an example,the method of measuring technology with total factor productivity is questioned.