知识型员工向同事横向学习的机制研究：自我效能与社会交换的作用

Research on the Mechanism of Knowledge Employees’ Horizontal Learning from Coworkers: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Social Exchange

从社会学习理论出发,建立一个被调节的中介模型,研究同事作为横向学习的角色榜样如何影响知识型员工的学习过程,以及同事和知识型员工的社会交换关系如何干预该过程。通过对高科技企业72个团队共352名知识型员工的多时点追踪配对样本的统计分析发现:同事前瞻行为对知识型员工前瞻行为具有正向影响;知识型员工的角色宽度自我效能感在向同事学习的过程中起到了中介作用;同事-员工交换质量调节了知识型员工向同事学习的过程,在同事-员工交换质量高的情况下,同事前瞻行为对知识型员工角色宽度自我效能感的影响更为显著,同时,角色宽度自我效能感对该学习过程的中介作用也更显著;在同事-员工交换质量低的情况下均不显著。

Drawing on social learning theory, this study proposes a moderated mediation model to explore how coworkers act as the horizontal role models to influence focal employees’ learning process, and how the coworkeremployee exchange relationship moderates this learning process. On the basis of a nested data of 352 employees from 72 teams in high-tech enterprises, the results show that coworkers’ proactive behaviors have a positive effect on focal employees’ proactive behavior, and employees’ role breadth self-efficacy mediates this positive effect. Further, compared to the low quality of coworker-employee exchange, the relationship between coworkers’ proactive behavior and employees’ role breadth self-efficacy is stronger when the quality of coworker-employee exchange is higher. Moreover, in the case of higher quality of coworker-employee exchange, the mediating effect of role breadth self-efficacy is more salient.