基于兴趣点数据的城市建成环境评价

Urban Built Environment Evaluation Based on Point of Interest Data

城市建成环境对居民生活质量具有很大影响,由于城市建成环境的构成因素比较复杂,如何采集数据、并进行量化评价,是城市规划人员关心的问题。本文以上海市为例,以交通中区为分析单位,利用兴趣点(POI)数据、路径规划数据,基于因子分析法提出了一种城市建成环境的量化评价方法。该方法通过一般建成环境、交通可达性、交通设施分布等三个公共因子描述建成环境,。研究表明:公共因子得分能够有效反映不同区域建成环境的差异;城市建成环境综合因子得分较大程度上受到各类基础设施的空间密度影响;通过分析因子得分结果与人口普查数据对比分析,识别出了上海的基础设施建设水平有待提高的区域。研究结果为新数据环境下的城市建成环境评价提供了一种新的思路,也为城市公共设施空间布局、以及交通规划提供参考。

The urban built environment of a city has a great impact on the quality of life of its residents.Due to the complex factors of urban built environment,how to collect data and make quantitative evaluation is an issue concerned by urban planners.This paper takes Shanghai as a study case and analyzes its urban built environment at mid-size traffic analysis zone level.Using POI(Point of Interest)data and path planning data,factor analysis method is used to establish a quantitative evaluation method for urban built environment.This method describes the built environment through three common factors,including general built environment factor,transportation accessibility factor and transportation facility distribution factor.The results show that the scores of common factors can effectively reflect the differences of built environment in different regions.The score of general built environment factor is greatly affected by the spatial density of various infrastructures.By comparing the factor scores with the census data,the areas where the infrastructure construction level needs to be improved in Shanghai are identified.This study not only offers a new method for the evaluation of urban built environment,but also provide reference for the layout of urban public facilities and urban transportation planning.