1949:共和国教育的基础和建设方针

The Foundation and Policy of Education in the People’s Republic of China in 1949

1949年中华人民共和国成立,中国教育开始了新的纪元,实现了由半殖民地半封建的旧教育向新民主主义教育的转变,这是教育性质的根本转变。老解放区原有的新教育、新解放区所接管的国民党统治区的旧教育、学习苏联而新创立的学校,这三者组成了共和国教育的基础。《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》是中央人民政府的施政纲领,其中对教育的性质与任务、教育方法、国民道德标准、教育改革与发展的步骤和重点都做了规定。根据《共同纲领》的精神召开的第一次全国教育工作会议,确定了进行教育建设的总方针。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,China’s education has begun a new era.The transformation from a semi-colonial and semi-feudal old education to a democratic new education has been realized,which is a fundamental change in the nature of education.The new regime took over all public schools in old education.The old education in the Kuomintang-ruled areas and the new education in the liberated areas constitute the basis of education in the People’s Republic of China.The Common Program of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)is the administrative program of the Central People’s Government,which stipulates the nature and tasks of education,educational methods,national moral standards,steps and priorities of educational reform and development.In accordance with the spirit of The Common Program of the CPPCC,the first National Conference on Education Work was held,and the general policy for education construction was determined.