基于振动信号的交流中压真空断路器故障诊断技术研究

Fault Diagnosis Technology of AC Medium-voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker Based on Vibration Signal

机械故障是断路器发生的主要故障之一,因此机械状态监测对断路器安全稳定运行至关重要。断路器开断过程中的振动信号包含了丰富的机械特征,可以通过提取振动信号而对设备进行机械故障诊断的研究。文中针对某12 kV交流中压真空断路器,通过自制的断路器在线监测装置采集断路器正常及故障状态下的振动信号,使用短时能量法、总能量分析法及信息熵法对振动信号分析处理。该装置能够捕捉到振动事件的特征信息,区分出正常与故障状态,为断路器机械故障在线诊断技术的实现提供了依据。

The vibration signal during the breaking process of a circuit breaker contains a wealth of mechanical features,so mechanical fault diagnosis of the equipment can be studied by extracting the vibration signal. In this paper,for a 12 kV AC medium-voltage vacuum circuit breaker,its vibration signals in normal and fault conditions are collected by the self-made on-line monitor of circuit breaker. The short-time energy method,the total energy analysis method and the information entropy method are employed to analyze and process the vibration signals. This monitor device can capture characteristic information of vibration event and distinguish normal or fault state,hence it can be taken as a tool for implementation of on-line fault diagnosis technology of circuit breakers.